This is a brave, thoughtful, deeply analytical piece Cara. I am so proud of you and Sundial for continuing to step up to offer nuanced takes for our otherwise politically tribalist campus. This piece demonstrates such deep thoughtfulness that makes our conversations about hard topics like activism richer and more complex. Every point was thought out, every word was carefully selected, and ultimately, you produced some writing here that simply could not be done by any other publication at Columbia. Bravo.
Ms. Chen writes "...1948 “catastrophe” during which Israeli militia killed an estimated 13,000-15,000 Palestinians and displaced over 700,000..." without any context that this all occurred during an invasion by five Arab armies from surrounding states after the rejection of a UN proposed two state patrician that Israel had accepted, even though much of its portion was of Negev dessert in the south. Ms. Chen might have noted there was an almost equal displacement of Jews from Arab lands, communities that preexisted the Arab imperialist conquest of the region at numbers perhaps greater than the Arabs displaced. Unfortunately I'm reluctant to put all the blame on Ms. Chen as the Middle Eastern Studies at Columbia is notorious for its one-sided anti-Israel propaganda laced bias. If one is not critical of Hamas, Iran, Hezbollah and Qatar, also than one is not really pro-Palestinian,but simply anti Israel. With Iranian and Qatari support, Hamas stole perhaps a billion or more in funds and materials meant for the betterment of the people of Gaza to construct a vast military compound connected by miles of tunnels under residential and community buildings. Entrances were everywhere for Hamas fighters to emerge and attack, while other entrances were booby-trapped. This was a despicable strategy by Hamas leaders to make it impossible for them to be attacked in response to Oct 7 without casualties and destruction. Meanwhile Hamas tried to prevent civilians from leaving conflict areas and the "world" protested too. Egypt slammed its border shut without a peep from those that claimed to care about the civilians in Gaza. And the underground military complex could have been the worlds largest bomb shelter was closed to civillians by Hamas. Imagine what could have been built with these resources after Israel unilaterally left Gaza? I could go on for pages but will leave it here for now. This piece is just so representative of all the ill informed brainwashed protesters post Oct 7, whose self-righteous self-importance was only exceeded by their ignorance... I hope there can be some honest information-based reflection in the future. For now Columbia's reputation has been sadly but justifiably tarnished.
Hi Eric, thank you for your researched and thorough comment. I do take note of your issues with this framing; however, Nakba Day is distinct as a national day of commemoration, and I had only wished to provide brief context for it as the majority of this piece centers around Khalil's memoir, not a history lesson on the geopolitics of the Middle East. I would also like to note that, although Arab nations around Israel did start the war, the killing and displacement of Palestinian civilians conducted by the Israeli militias purely based on their ethnicity is wrong. Policies that forcibly displaced Jewish civilians from Arab countries are also wrong; that doesn't mean that any country ought to have the right to avenge prior wrongs by adding to the pile of wrongdoing.
I would also like to note that I am critical of Hamas in this piece and have always been critical of extremist groups as such, if you care to look at my prior articles for Sundial. But that is beside the point: I am, at the end of the day, trying to review a political memoir through the fairest lens I can muster, which means reading it both generously and critically.
I appreciate that you've taken time to address my comments, though i find them disingenuous and further indication that you've been "taught" to think a certain way and are careful not to cross any lines that might be out of favor with the "true believer" anti-Israel ideologues that dominate students thinking and that of too many faculty. You might not see it this way but consider how carefully you're choosing your language.
In truth, I could spend 24/7 and still not have time to counter all the misinformation I see on the internet and elsewhere, so I ignore 99% reluctantly, but as a part of the Columbia Alumni community I have a particular interest to shift understanding and reeducate. You are just one but are representative of so many on the Columbia campus and recent graduates.
One of the key problems is the singling out of Israel for demonization, alongside a fetishizing sanctification of the people who came to identify as Palestinian in the late 20th century. Yes, there were some elites, like the Khalidi family of retired (good riddance) Columbia Prof Rashid former scholar turned propogandist, that began to conceive of a Palestinian identity earlier, but the vast majority of Arabs in “Palestine” saw themselves as Syrian or some other group in the Levant. If Jews did not return to their homeland, I believe it extremely unlikely that the Palestinian identity would have flourished as it has. If you look at Pre-1948 Palestine, there were many many examples of Jews identifying as Palestinians i.e. The Palestine Post later renamed the Jerusalem Post. There were also many Arabs who migrated to the area in the 19th and early 20th century, particularly after returning Jews increased attractive economic activity.
You’re talking about the “Nakba” without any context except “the Jews/Israelis” it is not an innocent desire to not go into context to keep the focus on the “sacred” Nakba. This could have been done with a couple of sentences. It is indicative of the entire approach to framing the conflict the Jews/Israelis have agency and are responsible for everything bad, the Arabs/Palestinians have no agency and are “pure” victims.
The war in 1948 and displacement of Arabs was not in any way to “avenge” the displacement of Jews from Arab countries, which mostly occurred in the 1950s. It was a factor in a defensive conflict that had the intention of killing and expelling Jews. While Arab armies were told to go fight, the Jews there were fighting for their survival, one of the reasons, no doubt, they triumphed.
Most Arabs were displaced for complex reasons surrounding the fog of war. There were a few communities that were deliberately forced to evacuate that were located in vital strategic areas, but this does not characterize the vast majority of displacement.
Meanwhile, Jews that fled Arab lands, were resettled. They have never received compensation property and wealth left behind. Refugees from Arab and Persian lands, along with the Jews that lived in the land from time immemorial are half or more of Israel’s current population.
The Arabs that were displaced in the war to kill and expel Jews were, for the most part, Jordan the main exception, not resettled, they were forever refugees kept in limbo (refugee camps) deliberately to be a forever weapon in the fight to not let Jews have any equal place, let alone sovereignty in "Arab" (that is conquered by Arabs) lands. Nowhere else is refugee status handed down from generation to generation. There is one UN agency tasked with resettling refugees from all other situations globally, and one special agency designed to maintain refugee status for all plus decedents. Not a single "Palestinian" refugee has been officially resettled per this special agency (more on them later).
I do not have time to continue now but will get back later. Thank you for considering the above.
Ms. 陳, I have now read your entire review. I very much appreciated this paragraph "The trouble with such an argument is twofold: One, that Hamas and other similarly militant Palestinian factions have indeed used these terms to incite violence against Israel and its Jewish citizens, and two, that Khalil goes on to similarly police Jewish and Zionist speech, all while claiming his pro-Palestinian speech should not be policed at all." and also your noting "...Jewish people—especially at Columbia—faced violence and harassment from supporters of the Palestinian cause who chant “from the river to the sea” or “globalize the intifada.” To fully believe in the project of No Land to Stand On, one must pretend as if these contradictions are invisible." And also "He claims that only the pro-Israel and Zionist students on campus provoke confrontations, conveniently leaving out the fact that the pro-Palestine faction at Columbia has its own share of controversial provocateurs, including the now-barred Khymani James, who has said that “Zionists don’t deserve to live.” These points are indication that you are seeing some of the disingenuous contradictions aka BS in "pro-Palestinian" rhetoric and actions... but you are only scratching the surface.
On UNRWA consider the UN Watch's investigations and conclusions https://unwatch.org/the-case-against-unrwa/. UN Watch has been monitoring the long-standing profound anti-Israel bias at the UN. Also this essay on UNRWA
You might also review the Palestinian Media Watch https://palwatch.org which has been translating for a couple of decades what is said, written, broadcast and taught in Arabic, which varies starkly and disturbingly what is put out in English for global audiences. There are a couple of Israeli ministers in the current government that say truly noxious things that the press loves to quote, but there is so much more and worse said in Arabic, and hopefully the ministers mentioned above will be out of the government soon in the next election.
On "globalize the intifada" I'd recommend research on the 2nd intifada a multi-year civilian targeting, at times specifically children, suicide bombing campaign. Notably the 2nd Intifada almost immediately followed Arafat's walking away from the Clinton-brokered peace negotiations which offered a reasonable two state solution. That a peace offering was answered with a suicide death-cult campaign of violence, decimated the left in Israel and moved the center right in the interests of security. That Israel's gov has been right dominated since 2001, including the current Netanyahu admin, is a direct result of Palestinian rejection and violence. That Israel's unilateral withdrawal from Gaza in 2005 led to a Hamas takeover and the transformation of Gaza into a launching pad for attacks, further strengthened the right.
All this is not to say that innocent Palestinians have not suffered, the question is how should the blame be apportioned. At Columbia protests it was all 100% Israel with no acknowledgement that they were fighting an enemy that sought the death of its own civilians for propoganda purposes. Hamas is a Muslim Brotherhood entity that is not fighting for the Palestinian cause, but for an Islamist fantasy. I'm glad to hear you wrote critically of Hamas (please share that) but I doubt you fully appreciate the depth of Hamas' depravity. Iran for its part is happy to fight Israel to the last Gazan.
Notice you never hear a statistic of how many Hamas fighters were killed (which includes some women and children) only a total figure, and figures supplied by Hamas. Just as above you note how many Palestinians (though they did not call themselves that at the time) were killed and don't acknowledge that many if not most of these were combatants.
The issue is not that Israel should not be criticized, the issue is this obscene demonization of Israel with no context as if nothing bad happens or would happen without Israel. Consider the genocide libel, the Oct 7 attack was made with the hope of Sinwar's that Iran, Lebanon, Houthi's, the West Bank etc would all attack at the same time and Israel would be destroyed and death to the Jews. Oct. 7 was a genocidal attack.
There's a lot more I could write about and more links to share but need to move on this evening.
I appreciate that you've taken time to address my comments, though i find them disingenuous and further indication that you've been "taught" to think a certain way and are careful not to cross any lines that might be out of favor with the "true believer" anti-Israel ideologues that dominate students thinking and that of too many faculty. You might not see it this way but consider how carefully you're choosing your language.
In truth, I could spend 24/7 and still not have time to counter all the misinformation I see on the internet and elsewhere, so I ignore 99% reluctantly, but as a part of the Columbia Alumni community I have a particular interest to shift understanding and reeducate. You are just one but are representative of so many on the Columbia campus and recent graduates.
One of the key problems is the singling out of Israel for demonization, alongside a fetishizing sanctification of the people who came to identify as Palestinian in the late 20th century. Yes, there were some elites, like the Khalidi family of retired (good riddance) Columbia Prof Rashid former scholar turned propogandist, that began to conceive of a Palestinian identity earlier, but the vast majority of Arabs in “Palestine” saw themselves as Syrian or some other group in the Levant. If Jews did not return to their homeland, I believe it extremely unlikely that the Palestinian identity would have flourished as it has. If you look at Pre-1948 Palestine, there were many many examples of Jews identifying as Palestinians i.e. The Palestine Post later renamed the Jerusalem Post. There were also many Arabs who migrated to the area in the 19th and early 20th century, particularly after returning Jews increased attractive economic activity.
You’re talking about the “Nakba” without any context except “the Jews/Israelis” it is not an innocent desire to not go into context to keep the focus on the “sacred” Nakba. This could have been done with a couple of sentences. It is indicative of the entire approach to framing the conflict the Jews/Israelis have agency and are responsible for everything bad, the Arabs/Palestinians have no agency and are “pure” victims.
The war in 1948 and displacement of Arabs was not in any way to “avenge” the displacement of Jews from Arab countries, which mostly occurred in the 1950s. It was a factor in a defensive conflict that had the intention of killing and expelling Jews. While Arab armies were told to go fight, the Jews there were fighting for their survival, one of the reasons, no doubt, they triumphed.
Most Arabs were displaced for complex reasons surrounding the fog of war. There were a few communities that were deliberately forced to evacuate that were located in vital strategic areas, but this does not characterize the vast majority of displacement.
Meanwhile, Jews that fled Arab lands, were resettled. They have never received compensation property and wealth left behind. Refugees from Arab and Persian lands, along with the Jews that lived in the land from time immemorial are half or more of Israel’s current population.
The Arabs that were displaced in the war to kill and expel Jews were, for the most part, Jordan the main exception, not resettled, they were forever refugees kept in limbo (refugee camps) deliberately to be a forever weapon in the fight to not let Jews have any equal place, let alone sovereignty in "Arab" (that is conquered by Arabs) lands. Nowhere else is refugee status handed down from generation to generation. There is one UN agency tasked with resettling refugees from all other situations globally, and one special agency designed to maintain refugee status for all plus decedents. Not a single "Palestinian" refugee has been officially resettled per this special agency (more on them later).
I do not have time to continue now but will get back later. Thank you for considering the above.
This is a brave, thoughtful, deeply analytical piece Cara. I am so proud of you and Sundial for continuing to step up to offer nuanced takes for our otherwise politically tribalist campus. This piece demonstrates such deep thoughtfulness that makes our conversations about hard topics like activism richer and more complex. Every point was thought out, every word was carefully selected, and ultimately, you produced some writing here that simply could not be done by any other publication at Columbia. Bravo.
Thank you so much for reading, Alex! :)
Ms. Chen writes "...1948 “catastrophe” during which Israeli militia killed an estimated 13,000-15,000 Palestinians and displaced over 700,000..." without any context that this all occurred during an invasion by five Arab armies from surrounding states after the rejection of a UN proposed two state patrician that Israel had accepted, even though much of its portion was of Negev dessert in the south. Ms. Chen might have noted there was an almost equal displacement of Jews from Arab lands, communities that preexisted the Arab imperialist conquest of the region at numbers perhaps greater than the Arabs displaced. Unfortunately I'm reluctant to put all the blame on Ms. Chen as the Middle Eastern Studies at Columbia is notorious for its one-sided anti-Israel propaganda laced bias. If one is not critical of Hamas, Iran, Hezbollah and Qatar, also than one is not really pro-Palestinian,but simply anti Israel. With Iranian and Qatari support, Hamas stole perhaps a billion or more in funds and materials meant for the betterment of the people of Gaza to construct a vast military compound connected by miles of tunnels under residential and community buildings. Entrances were everywhere for Hamas fighters to emerge and attack, while other entrances were booby-trapped. This was a despicable strategy by Hamas leaders to make it impossible for them to be attacked in response to Oct 7 without casualties and destruction. Meanwhile Hamas tried to prevent civilians from leaving conflict areas and the "world" protested too. Egypt slammed its border shut without a peep from those that claimed to care about the civilians in Gaza. And the underground military complex could have been the worlds largest bomb shelter was closed to civillians by Hamas. Imagine what could have been built with these resources after Israel unilaterally left Gaza? I could go on for pages but will leave it here for now. This piece is just so representative of all the ill informed brainwashed protesters post Oct 7, whose self-righteous self-importance was only exceeded by their ignorance... I hope there can be some honest information-based reflection in the future. For now Columbia's reputation has been sadly but justifiably tarnished.
Eric SIPA 1984
Hi Eric, thank you for your researched and thorough comment. I do take note of your issues with this framing; however, Nakba Day is distinct as a national day of commemoration, and I had only wished to provide brief context for it as the majority of this piece centers around Khalil's memoir, not a history lesson on the geopolitics of the Middle East. I would also like to note that, although Arab nations around Israel did start the war, the killing and displacement of Palestinian civilians conducted by the Israeli militias purely based on their ethnicity is wrong. Policies that forcibly displaced Jewish civilians from Arab countries are also wrong; that doesn't mean that any country ought to have the right to avenge prior wrongs by adding to the pile of wrongdoing.
I would also like to note that I am critical of Hamas in this piece and have always been critical of extremist groups as such, if you care to look at my prior articles for Sundial. But that is beside the point: I am, at the end of the day, trying to review a political memoir through the fairest lens I can muster, which means reading it both generously and critically.
陳小姐,
謝謝您的回答。Thank you for your reply.
I appreciate that you've taken time to address my comments, though i find them disingenuous and further indication that you've been "taught" to think a certain way and are careful not to cross any lines that might be out of favor with the "true believer" anti-Israel ideologues that dominate students thinking and that of too many faculty. You might not see it this way but consider how carefully you're choosing your language.
In truth, I could spend 24/7 and still not have time to counter all the misinformation I see on the internet and elsewhere, so I ignore 99% reluctantly, but as a part of the Columbia Alumni community I have a particular interest to shift understanding and reeducate. You are just one but are representative of so many on the Columbia campus and recent graduates.
One of the key problems is the singling out of Israel for demonization, alongside a fetishizing sanctification of the people who came to identify as Palestinian in the late 20th century. Yes, there were some elites, like the Khalidi family of retired (good riddance) Columbia Prof Rashid former scholar turned propogandist, that began to conceive of a Palestinian identity earlier, but the vast majority of Arabs in “Palestine” saw themselves as Syrian or some other group in the Levant. If Jews did not return to their homeland, I believe it extremely unlikely that the Palestinian identity would have flourished as it has. If you look at Pre-1948 Palestine, there were many many examples of Jews identifying as Palestinians i.e. The Palestine Post later renamed the Jerusalem Post. There were also many Arabs who migrated to the area in the 19th and early 20th century, particularly after returning Jews increased attractive economic activity.
You’re talking about the “Nakba” without any context except “the Jews/Israelis” it is not an innocent desire to not go into context to keep the focus on the “sacred” Nakba. This could have been done with a couple of sentences. It is indicative of the entire approach to framing the conflict the Jews/Israelis have agency and are responsible for everything bad, the Arabs/Palestinians have no agency and are “pure” victims.
The war in 1948 and displacement of Arabs was not in any way to “avenge” the displacement of Jews from Arab countries, which mostly occurred in the 1950s. It was a factor in a defensive conflict that had the intention of killing and expelling Jews. While Arab armies were told to go fight, the Jews there were fighting for their survival, one of the reasons, no doubt, they triumphed.
Most Arabs were displaced for complex reasons surrounding the fog of war. There were a few communities that were deliberately forced to evacuate that were located in vital strategic areas, but this does not characterize the vast majority of displacement.
Re the fleeing of Jews from Arab lands, here’s some details: https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1BptNBwfw4/
Meanwhile, Jews that fled Arab lands, were resettled. They have never received compensation property and wealth left behind. Refugees from Arab and Persian lands, along with the Jews that lived in the land from time immemorial are half or more of Israel’s current population.
Speaking of longstanding Jewish communities, research the 1929 massacre of the community in Hebron, incited by the despicable Nazi (he was friends with and helped Hitler) Grand Mufti of Jerusalem Hajj Amin al-Husseini https://www.amazon.com/Ghosts-Holy-War-Palestine-Arab-Israeli/dp/145494921X
The Arabs that were displaced in the war to kill and expel Jews were, for the most part, Jordan the main exception, not resettled, they were forever refugees kept in limbo (refugee camps) deliberately to be a forever weapon in the fight to not let Jews have any equal place, let alone sovereignty in "Arab" (that is conquered by Arabs) lands. Nowhere else is refugee status handed down from generation to generation. There is one UN agency tasked with resettling refugees from all other situations globally, and one special agency designed to maintain refugee status for all plus decedents. Not a single "Palestinian" refugee has been officially resettled per this special agency (more on them later).
I do not have time to continue now but will get back later. Thank you for considering the above.
Eric 毅瑞
Ms. 陳, I have now read your entire review. I very much appreciated this paragraph "The trouble with such an argument is twofold: One, that Hamas and other similarly militant Palestinian factions have indeed used these terms to incite violence against Israel and its Jewish citizens, and two, that Khalil goes on to similarly police Jewish and Zionist speech, all while claiming his pro-Palestinian speech should not be policed at all." and also your noting "...Jewish people—especially at Columbia—faced violence and harassment from supporters of the Palestinian cause who chant “from the river to the sea” or “globalize the intifada.” To fully believe in the project of No Land to Stand On, one must pretend as if these contradictions are invisible." And also "He claims that only the pro-Israel and Zionist students on campus provoke confrontations, conveniently leaving out the fact that the pro-Palestine faction at Columbia has its own share of controversial provocateurs, including the now-barred Khymani James, who has said that “Zionists don’t deserve to live.” These points are indication that you are seeing some of the disingenuous contradictions aka BS in "pro-Palestinian" rhetoric and actions... but you are only scratching the surface.
On UNRWA consider the UN Watch's investigations and conclusions https://unwatch.org/the-case-against-unrwa/. UN Watch has been monitoring the long-standing profound anti-Israel bias at the UN. Also this essay on UNRWA
https://romirowsky.com/27570/unrwa-history
You might also review the Palestinian Media Watch https://palwatch.org which has been translating for a couple of decades what is said, written, broadcast and taught in Arabic, which varies starkly and disturbingly what is put out in English for global audiences. There are a couple of Israeli ministers in the current government that say truly noxious things that the press loves to quote, but there is so much more and worse said in Arabic, and hopefully the ministers mentioned above will be out of the government soon in the next election.
On "globalize the intifada" I'd recommend research on the 2nd intifada a multi-year civilian targeting, at times specifically children, suicide bombing campaign. Notably the 2nd Intifada almost immediately followed Arafat's walking away from the Clinton-brokered peace negotiations which offered a reasonable two state solution. That a peace offering was answered with a suicide death-cult campaign of violence, decimated the left in Israel and moved the center right in the interests of security. That Israel's gov has been right dominated since 2001, including the current Netanyahu admin, is a direct result of Palestinian rejection and violence. That Israel's unilateral withdrawal from Gaza in 2005 led to a Hamas takeover and the transformation of Gaza into a launching pad for attacks, further strengthened the right.
All this is not to say that innocent Palestinians have not suffered, the question is how should the blame be apportioned. At Columbia protests it was all 100% Israel with no acknowledgement that they were fighting an enemy that sought the death of its own civilians for propoganda purposes. Hamas is a Muslim Brotherhood entity that is not fighting for the Palestinian cause, but for an Islamist fantasy. I'm glad to hear you wrote critically of Hamas (please share that) but I doubt you fully appreciate the depth of Hamas' depravity. Iran for its part is happy to fight Israel to the last Gazan.
Notice you never hear a statistic of how many Hamas fighters were killed (which includes some women and children) only a total figure, and figures supplied by Hamas. Just as above you note how many Palestinians (though they did not call themselves that at the time) were killed and don't acknowledge that many if not most of these were combatants.
The issue is not that Israel should not be criticized, the issue is this obscene demonization of Israel with no context as if nothing bad happens or would happen without Israel. Consider the genocide libel, the Oct 7 attack was made with the hope of Sinwar's that Iran, Lebanon, Houthi's, the West Bank etc would all attack at the same time and Israel would be destroyed and death to the Jews. Oct. 7 was a genocidal attack.
There's a lot more I could write about and more links to share but need to move on this evening.
晚安
Kilmar Garcia, illegal alien, beat his wife, NOT DEPORTED.
Mahmoud Khalil, legal resident, criticize ISrael, DEPORTED.
So AWESOME 😊🤭
陳小姐,
謝謝您的回答。Thank you for your reply.
I appreciate that you've taken time to address my comments, though i find them disingenuous and further indication that you've been "taught" to think a certain way and are careful not to cross any lines that might be out of favor with the "true believer" anti-Israel ideologues that dominate students thinking and that of too many faculty. You might not see it this way but consider how carefully you're choosing your language.
In truth, I could spend 24/7 and still not have time to counter all the misinformation I see on the internet and elsewhere, so I ignore 99% reluctantly, but as a part of the Columbia Alumni community I have a particular interest to shift understanding and reeducate. You are just one but are representative of so many on the Columbia campus and recent graduates.
One of the key problems is the singling out of Israel for demonization, alongside a fetishizing sanctification of the people who came to identify as Palestinian in the late 20th century. Yes, there were some elites, like the Khalidi family of retired (good riddance) Columbia Prof Rashid former scholar turned propogandist, that began to conceive of a Palestinian identity earlier, but the vast majority of Arabs in “Palestine” saw themselves as Syrian or some other group in the Levant. If Jews did not return to their homeland, I believe it extremely unlikely that the Palestinian identity would have flourished as it has. If you look at Pre-1948 Palestine, there were many many examples of Jews identifying as Palestinians i.e. The Palestine Post later renamed the Jerusalem Post. There were also many Arabs who migrated to the area in the 19th and early 20th century, particularly after returning Jews increased attractive economic activity.
You’re talking about the “Nakba” without any context except “the Jews/Israelis” it is not an innocent desire to not go into context to keep the focus on the “sacred” Nakba. This could have been done with a couple of sentences. It is indicative of the entire approach to framing the conflict the Jews/Israelis have agency and are responsible for everything bad, the Arabs/Palestinians have no agency and are “pure” victims.
The war in 1948 and displacement of Arabs was not in any way to “avenge” the displacement of Jews from Arab countries, which mostly occurred in the 1950s. It was a factor in a defensive conflict that had the intention of killing and expelling Jews. While Arab armies were told to go fight, the Jews there were fighting for their survival, one of the reasons, no doubt, they triumphed.
Most Arabs were displaced for complex reasons surrounding the fog of war. There were a few communities that were deliberately forced to evacuate that were located in vital strategic areas, but this does not characterize the vast majority of displacement.
Re the fleeing of Jews from Arab lands, here’s some details: https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1BptNBwfw4/
Meanwhile, Jews that fled Arab lands, were resettled. They have never received compensation property and wealth left behind. Refugees from Arab and Persian lands, along with the Jews that lived in the land from time immemorial are half or more of Israel’s current population.
Speaking of longstanding Jewish communities, research the 1929 massacre of the community in Hebron, incited by the despicable Nazi (he was friends with and helped Hitler) Grand Mufti of Jerusalem Hajj Amin al-Husseini https://www.amazon.com/Ghosts-Holy-War-Palestine-Arab-Israeli/dp/145494921X
The Arabs that were displaced in the war to kill and expel Jews were, for the most part, Jordan the main exception, not resettled, they were forever refugees kept in limbo (refugee camps) deliberately to be a forever weapon in the fight to not let Jews have any equal place, let alone sovereignty in "Arab" (that is conquered by Arabs) lands. Nowhere else is refugee status handed down from generation to generation. There is one UN agency tasked with resettling refugees from all other situations globally, and one special agency designed to maintain refugee status for all plus decedents. Not a single "Palestinian" refugee has been officially resettled per this special agency (more on them later).
I do not have time to continue now but will get back later. Thank you for considering the above.
Eric 毅瑞